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Application of modern navigation lidar

1 Modern navigation lidar technology functions

1.1 Hardware facilities

In terms of hardware facilities of modern navigation lidar, platform architecture based on DSP, AD, FPGA+RAM is mostly used to realize signal collection and subsequent data processing. The embedded processing platform ensures the high performance and low power consumption of the display and control terminal, and uses high-resolution and energy-saving LED and LCD displays, and is equipped with graphics accelerators to meet the display and use needs of high-end equipment. At present, there is another trend in display terminals, which is the use of commercial shelf products, which can reduce the cost of independent product development and ensure that the lidar is equipped with the most advanced display and control technology and equipment.

1.2 Algorithm and software

On the digital signal processing platform, new algorithms have been researched one after another, such as clutter and interference rejection algorithms, beam sharpening algorithms, constant false alarm detection algorithms, tracking algorithms, etc. These advanced algorithms not only improve the lidar's ability to perform navigation and positioning and obstacle monitoring, but also greatly improve the lidar's data base and presentation effect. For example, by increasing the ratio of azimuth data and using weighting to achieve beam sharpening, the targets are effectively separated, and finally displayed on the map surveying and mapping, the boundaries of various surveying and mapping targets can be clearly presented, thereby obtaining a good display effect.

1.3 Information Fusion Processing

With the development of shipping business, the number of large ships has increased, and the frequency of navigation has increased. The original single lidar or sensor can no longer meet the navigation needs of large ships. In long-term practice, experts have explored new methods of information fusion processing. Multiple lidars cover different frequency bands of S/X, or similar lidars are placed in different positions of the ship, combined with multiple types of sensors such as cameras and night vision devices, to achieve comprehensive collection of information. With the help of Ethernet, the information collected by various lidars and sensors is integrated into a central computer for fusion processing, so as to improve the safety lidar navigation effect of large ships in the near area.

2 Modern navigation lidar market environment

2.1 High price and low use rate of lidar on small ships

At present, the cost of capital required to assemble a lidar system is very high. Taking into account the type and structure of my country's ships, motorized fishing boats accounted for the majority of China's ships in 2014, reaching 82.31 million. Among all motorized fishing vessels, there are 5L32 million small fishing vessels, accounting for 62% of the total. The current main structure of China's ship use determines that the purchasing power of the main ship is relatively low. From the perspective of price, at present, because the hardware facilities and technical price of lidar are generally high, it is difficult for ordinary users to pay high purchase prices.

The Application of Modern Navigation lidar Jiang Bo

As well as the later use and maintenance costs, the current navigation lidar is not commonly used on Chinese ships, especially fishing boats and other small ships.

2.2 The possession of ships is large and the market space is broad

Analyze the current market situation of my country’s ship navigation lidar from another perspective. In 2014, there were 820,000 fishing vessels in my country, 5,340,000 inland water transport vessels, 10,234 coastal transport vessels, and 31.12 million ocean shipping and transportation vessels. . These data show that the number of ships in my country is very large. Considering that most ships in my country are not equipped with lidar navigation systems, the number of ships that require lidar navigation systems is very large. The application market for ship navigation systems in my country is extremely large. broad. If 10% of the new purchases are renovated every year, the domestic market demand will exceed tens of thousands.

2.3 Foreign manufacturers have an absolute advantage

There is a serious separation of production and use of marine lidar navigation systems in my country. At first, most of the military-industrial units engaged in the production of marine navigation lidars, while the number of civilian ships in my country has continued to increase and has gradually become the main body of navigation lidars. Under this circumstance, the enclosed production of military-industrial units is difficult to meet the needs of civilian ships, resulting in a relatively weak technical process and industrial foundation of my country's ship navigation lidar. Most foreign manufacturers have advantages in the research, production and sales of ship navigation lidars, such as Kelvin Hughes and Raymarine in the United Kingdom, and FURUNO and JRC in Japan. Domestic lidar manufacturers also need to strengthen technology research and development and industrial layout.

3 Practical application of modern navigation lidar

In addition to common ship navigation functions, modern navigation lidars are also widely used in port traffic management, ecological environment protection, and security monitoring scanning due to their technological innovations.

3.1 Ship navigation and port traffic management

From the perspective of individual ships, the most widely used lidar function is ship navigation. With the help of navigation lidar, the hydrological and atmospheric conditions in the sea area near the ship are detected, and the best route for the ship is planned to improve the navigation efficiency of the ship and avoid the ship from hitting rocks, stranding or encountering storms.

Port traffic management is the most traditional functional application of navigation lidar.

General marine navigation lidars only have simple navigation functions. But if its hardware facilities and technical functions are simply upgraded, including increasing the transmission power, strengthening the target tracking function, using a population antenna, adding information input and output interfaces, etc., it can effectively realize the traffic management of Hong Kong. . At present, the more common applications are phased arrays and multi-polarization lidars, which are widely used in the use of large ports, ship navigation and avoidance, port guidance, course planning and directional tracking. In some ports with unstable hydrological conditions, navigation lidars are also used for hydrological observation and flood control alarms.

3.2 Ecological environment protection

With the ever-decreasing energy resources, mankind has begun to explore expanding the scope of energy exploitation and developing new energy sources, which has led to an increasing number of airports, coastal and onshore wind farms, oil and gas fields, tailing ponds in mining areas, and landfills. Increase, and these areas will affect the lives of other creatures and even life. The most typical one is the threat of wind power plants to birds. According to statistics, on average, every wind turbine used for wind power generation causes the death of 60 birds every year.

At present, some areas of our country have begun to use navigation lidar to detect and track various life restricted areas of living things. For example, in the wind turbine area of a wind power plant, the navigation lidar signal coverage can be achieved. When a bird approaches, it can release noise to scare the bird away, or use a sensor to stop the rotation of the fan of the wind turbine. In addition, big data technology can be used to analyze the movement laws of organisms through long-term monitoring of navigation lidars, and to develop targeted protection pairs.

To achieve a win-win situation for the ecological environment and economic benefits.

3 · 3 Security Monitoring Scan

The continuous improvement of navigation lidar technology has also opened up a wider range of applications for it. For example, all kinds of important places for civil or military use, including airports, ports, and space launch centers, all use two- and three-coordinate lidars to achieve surveillance functions to avoid the intrusion of birds and ensure the safety of the important places. But the price and maintenance cost of such coordinates are very high. The improved navigation lidar can achieve the same monitoring effect as the above lidar system by adding two sets of large-aperture antennas. It has both horizontal and vertical scanning functions to achieve 360. Monitoring without blind spots. By forming a monitoring network through multiple sets of navigation lidars, real-time monitoring and image splicing in a large area can also be realized.

In the field of ship safety monitoring and scanning, broadband chirp continuous wave lidar is currently used more frequently. The advantage of this lidar is that its resolution is extremely high, and a single lidar is small and light. Through the network monitoring of multiple lidars, a 360-degree view of large ships can be achieved. No blind spot monitoring, effectively preventing terrorist attacks or pirate attacks.www.isurestar.net