In recent years, when engineering surveys are carried out, the accuracy of the survey has been significantly improved, and the scope of application has been continuously expanded, so the spatial location can be found in a timely and fast manner. Especially the emergence of lidar technology, through the use of GPS positioning system to find an accurate spatial position, and is not easily affected by external factors. Compared with traditional measurement methods, such as photogrammetry and engineering measurement, its advantages are more prominent. Its application is of great significance to my country's engineering measurement industry and can further promote the rapid development of this industry.
1 Introduction to Lidar Surveying and Mapping Technology
Lidar, that is, the detection system is sent to the target through the optical frequency band radar, and then the obtained data information and the emitted electromagnetic signal are compared, and then some data information of the target can be fully grasped. In recent years, advances in science and technology have promoted the optimization of our country’s lidar technology, and at the same time created many advanced lidar measurement equipments, such as lidar rangefinders. Simple lidar mode is its condition. On this basis, laser measurement technology is used to fully grasp the relevant information and data of the measurement target and its actual position and then form a more comprehensive lidar measurement system. Laser transmitters, information receivers, etc. are the basic components of lidar measurement equipment. However, because there are a large number of lidar surveying and mapping systems, with different types and different effects, in order to ensure the accuracy of lidar, it is necessary to accurately select different types based on actual conditions when performing measurement work. Lidar. Now, all walks of life can use lidar, and at the same time, through lidar, people can obtain information based on the specific situation, and choose the appropriate way to use lidar. Some advanced scientific technologies, such as microwave radar and infrared television, have begun to be used in lidar measurement technology because in actual measurement, the application of these technologies can make surveying and mapping more accurate and more efficient.
2 The specific work of lidar surveying and mapping technology There are generally three types of lidar surveying and mapping technologies.
2.1 Spatial scanning technology,
Spatial scanning technology includes two forms: scanning and non-scanning systems. Whether in society or in the military, the method of obtaining a three-dimensional position is generally laser scanning technology, which scans the target and then collects relevant data. The effective application of this technology in urban planning and environmental supervision, such as the supervision of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and the smooth flow of transportation and communication, not only promotes my country’s urbanization and the further development of industrial economy but also truly brings people A more convenient life.
2.2 Laser emission technology
Laser emission technology uses some emitted light pulses to bounce back after hitting an object, such as a semiconductor laser. The information obtained by analysis can determine the target's movement state, range, and angle and track the target. Nowadays, this technology is mostly used in low-altitude helicopters, underwater detection, etc. The advantages are fast speed, strong functionality, long distance, and can receive a large amount of relevant data. For example underwater airborne lidar, which can image underwater targets, so that it is easy to conduct underwater inspections of terrain and collect coastal erosion data.
2.3 Highly sensitive information receiving technology
The information receiving technology is composed of an optical detector and an echo circuit. Generally, the information obtained from scanners and lasers needs to be summarized, amplified and detected. It is not enough to only have three-dimensional image data of the target. It is also necessary to modify the image nonlinear scanning, including the echo signal amplitude, which needs to be combined Circuits and computers perform related work, all of which can be achieved through highly sensitive information receiving technology.
Lidar surveying and mapping methods are widely used, such as water conservancy engineering surveying and mapping and highway engineering surveying and mapping. After studying this technology in depth, I found that it can not only deal with the problems encountered in surveying and mapping work but also improve work efficiency. At this stage, our country has been using this technology for a short time, and there is still a lot of room for development in the research of this technology. It needs to be optimized and improved continuously in future work to promote the continuous development and progress of surveying and mapping work.